防治草原蝗虫有效药剂的室内筛选

Pharmaceutical Screening of Grassland Locusts in Lab

[目的]蝗虫对草原危害很严重,多年的化学防治对常规药剂产生了抗性,寻找高效低毒药剂很有必要。[方法]采用浸渍叶片法测定了16种药剂对毛足棒角蝗和亚洲小车蝗的3龄若虫的室内毒力。[结果]联苯菊酯、吡虫啉、氟虫腈、高效氯氰菊酯对毛足棒角蝗和亚洲小车蝗都表现出很高的毒力作用,其中氟虫腈对这2种蝗虫的毒力最高,72 h的LC50值分别为0.1868、0.2313 mg/L,马拉硫磷对这2种蝗虫的毒力最低,72 h的LC50值分别为422.982 1、317.853 8 mg/L。[结论]16种药剂对这2种蝗虫毒力的差异,可用于草原蝗虫高效低毒药剂的筛选。

Locust has often caused serious damage to grasslands.Since it has developed insecticide resistance to some conventional pesticides,it is urgent and necessary to search for new high-efficient and low-toxic insecticides.[Methods] Using the immersion method,the toxicities of sixteen insecticides to the third-instar larare of Dasyhippus baybipes and Oedaleus asiaticus were tested in the laboratory.[Results] The results showed that after the treatment of 72 h,bifenthrin,imidacloprid,fipronic and β-cypermethrin had high toxicity to D.baybipes and O.asiaticus.Especially,fipronic had the highest toxicity to the two locusts among the sixteen insecticides with LC50 values to the two locusts＇ third-instar larvae of 0.186 8,0.231 3 mg/L respectively.Malathion had the lowest toxicity,its values of LC50 to the two locusts＇ third-instar larvae were 422.982 1,317.853 8 mg/L respectively.[Conclusions] The toxicitie difference of sixteen insecticides between the two locusts can be used for screening of high-efficient and low-toxic insecticides to control grassland locusts.