抗肿瘤单克隆抗体的临床应用

Clinical applications of anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies

世界卫生组织预计，癌症将取代心血管病成为世界死亡人数最多的疾病。抗肿瘤药物的研发已成为制药领域的热点。单克隆抗体（单抗）能通过与肿瘤细胞上的特定靶标结合来杀死肿瘤细胞。迄今为止，已有14种抗肿瘤单抗获准上市。根据单抗的作用靶点不同，可将单抗分为抗表皮生长因子受体单抗、抗人表皮生长因子受体2单抗、抗血管内皮细胞生长因子抗体、抗白细胞分化抗原单抗。此文就以上几类抗肿瘤单抗的作用机制及临床应用进行综述。

World Health Organization predicts that cancer will replace cardiovascular disease to become the deadliest disease in the world. Anti-tumor drug research and development become the hot spot in the pharmaceutical field. So far, 14 anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies have been approved for marketing. According to targets for monoclonal antibody action, anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies can be divided into antibodies to epidermal growth factor receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, vascular endothelial growth factor and leucocyte differentiation antigen. This paper reviews the mechanism of action and clinical applications of these anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies.