“杜夔传旧雅乐四曲”考

A Research on "the Four Melodies of the ‘Ya' in the Book of Songs" Discovered by Du Kui

秦之后两汉传承四百余年,真正由孔子正乐审定的"三百篇"之乐已荡然无存。魏杜夔所"绍复先代古乐",只能是东汉时的雅乐;所"传旧雅乐四曲",实即拟古之作。《辞源》、《汉语大辞典》等袭用清代学者结论,谓"《鹿鸣》的乐曲至西汉、魏、晋间尚存,后即失传",皆欠明察。

None of the melodies in the Book of Songs edited by Confucius remained after a four -century-long-history of the Qin and Han dynasties. Therefore, the so-called ＂ancient melodies＂ discovered by Du Kui of the Wei and the ＂four melodies of the Ya in the Book of Songs＂ are merely works in archaistic edition produced in the Eastern Han period. The notions that ＂the melody of the poem Luming in the Book of Songs vanished only after the Western Han, Wei and Jin periods＂ in the Dictionary of the Chinese Vocabulary Resources and the Dictionary of Chinese are just the accepted viewpoints by the Qing scholars and therefore are not correct.