AQP9在脑疾病中的研究进展

Progress on Aquaglyceroporin 9 in Brain Pathologies

水甘油通道蛋白-9(AQP9)属于水通道蛋白家族,对水及一些小分子如甘油和尿素具有通透性。论文将集中论述与脑疾病相关的AQP9的最新发现。AQP9表达于星型胶质细胞和儿茶酚胺神经元,脑中AQP9的表达水平受血液中胰岛素浓度的调节,且其在糖尿病病人脑组织中高表达,该研究结果提示AQP9很可能参与脑部能量代谢;中风后AQP9在星型胶质细胞的诱导表达提示它参与细胞外过多乳酸的清除。在某些病理模型中,如全脑缺血或神经胶质瘤中,AQP9在脑中非茶酚胺神经元中也被诱导表达,然而,其功能还尚不明晰。

Aquaglyceroporins belong to the aquaporin family and are permeable to water and also to small solutes such as glycerol and urea.This review focused on the recent discoveries of AQP9 in brain pathologies.AQP9 is expressed in astrocytes and in catecholaminergic neurons.The level of expression of brain AQP9 is under the control of blood insulin concentrations,and its expression is increased in diabetes,suggesting that AQP9 could be involved in brain energy metabolism.The induction of AQP9 in astrocytes is observed over time after stroke onset,suggesting participation in the clearance of excess lactate in the extracellular space.In some models,AQP9 is also induced in non-catecholaminergic neurons after global ischemia and in the periphery of gliomas,however functional roles are still unclear.