深沟球轴承加速-恒速过程动态特性有限元分析

Finite Element Analysis for Dynamic Characteristic of Deep-Groove Ball Bearing Operating from Acceleration to Constant Speed

建立了深沟球轴承三维动力接触有限元模型,综合考虑轴承工作过程中各部件的变形以及实际受载形式,采用LSDYNA显式动力学求解器,计算了轴承在3种径向载荷作用下,加速-恒速工作过程的动力学响应.计算结果表明:轴承在加速阶段产生强烈的振动,并延续至恒速运行的初期,3种径向载荷作用下滚动体内等效应力均远高于轴承钢的屈服强度;随着恒速运行时间的增加,振动明显减弱,轴承进入稳定的工作状态,径向载荷越大,轴颈中心径向位移的振动范围越小,轴颈中心离开轴承轴线的平均距离越远;压应力与摩擦力的同时作用使得滚动体内平行于滚动方向的剪切应力呈非对称分布.

A 3D finite element model for dynamic contact problem of deep-groove ball bearing was established. Considering the deformation of bearing components and actual loaded forms, the explicit dynamics solver LSDYNA was adopted to calculate dynamics response of bearing which operate from acceleration to constant speed and was subjected to three kinds of radial load. The result shows that the bearing experienced strong vibration in acceleration phase which extends to the beginning of constant speed. The equivalent stress was much higher than the yield strength of bearing steel regardless of radial load. With the increase of running time of constant speed of the bearing, the vibration was weaken obviously and the bearing entered a stable working status. The fluctuant range of the radial displacement of the shaft is smaller and the distance between bearing axis and the shaft center is farther when the radial load is higher. The shear stress parallel to rolling direction appeared asymmetrically in rolling element due to the simultaneous existence of pressure and friction force.