儿童哮喘病情评估的方法研究和应用进展

Progress of assessment methods and application in children asthma

建立儿童哮喘病情评估的方法是防治哮喘的重要一环。目前已有多种评估方法应用于临床，但由于患儿年龄、遗传、环境、发病机制、治疗等因素的影响，现有的儿童哮喘病情评估方法尚存在诸多缺陷，不能够客观反映哮喘病情和气道炎症的情况。该文就现有的哮喘评估方法包括症状评分、肺功能检测、气道反应性检测、NO检测等的原理、应用方法等进行综述，分析其优缺点，旨在更合理地应用这些方法，在儿童哮喘诊断、病情检测、用药指导和预后判断等方面发挥重要作用，并为探讨更有效、方便的儿童哮喘评估方法建立基础。

Establishing the assessment methods of childhood asthma is highlighted in asthmatic preven- tion and treatment. Due to the factors such as age, genotypic environment, pathogenesis and treatment, the assessment methods existed have some defects and cant objectively reflect the situation of asthma disease and airway inflammation. The assessment methods including symptom scores, pulmonary function test, airway responsiveness detection and fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide are described in this review. The principles,advantages, disadvantages, application ways and so on are discussed in detail, to improve the rationality of the application in these methods in order to make them play a greater role in asthmatic diagnosis, disease detection, medication guild and prognosis estimation, and explore a more effective and simple assessment way in children asthma.