肝X受体与代谢综合征代谢紊乱

Liver X receptor and metabolic disorder in metabolic syndrome

肝X受体是与代谢综合征相关的核受体之一，对体内胆固醇的平衡和脂代谢的调控起重要作用。肝X受体能增加组织对葡萄糖的利用，延缓胰岛素抵抗，同时对胰岛β细胞有不利的作用。肝X受体影响脂肪细胞分化和下调肥胖基因的表达而引发肥胖，参与非酒精性脂肪肝的发生发展，同时具有控制动脉粥样硬化的作用，并参与巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞的炎症反应。作为代谢通路与炎症反应信号通路的结合点，肝X受体有望作为治疗代谢综合征的新靶点。

The liver X receptor（LXR） is one of the nuclear receptors related to metabolic syndrome. LXR plays an important role in the balance of cholesterol and lipid metabolism. LXR has been found to increase the utilization of glucose, decrease the insulin resistance, and simultaneously has an adverse effect in islet β cell. LXR influences fat cell differentiation and reduces expression of the obese gene then cause obesity. It also participates the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver and control the atherosclerosis. LXR is involved in inflammatory responses in macrophages and lymphocytes. The ability of LXR to integrate metabolic and inflam- matory signaling makes it particularly attractive target for intervention in human metabolic diseases. In this review, we summarize the studies of LXR, clarify the LXR in the prospects for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.