粉末炭-超滤工艺出水氯和氯胺消毒安全性评价

Safety evaluation of chlorine and chloramine disinfection with treated water of PAC-UF treatment process

考察了粉末炭-超滤工艺(PAC-UF)除污染效果,以及膜后出水氯和氯胺消毒对微生物再生长的控制与消毒副产物的生成情况,对水质安全性进行综合评价.结果表明:PAC-UF工艺能够高效截留水中胶体及致病微生物;对氨氮、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、254nm处的紫外吸光度(UV254)和溶解性有机碳(DOC)的平均去除率分别为36.04%,44.28%,44.94%和30.65%;在不消毒情况下,膜后出水在24h后均出现微生物再生长;氯胺对微生物持续抑制能力强于氯;所生成的THMs与HAAs分别比氯消毒降低63.42%和44.13%,并有效减少了溴代消毒副产物的生成量;PAC-UF工艺出水采用氯胺消毒可使水质的安全性均得到提高.

Pollutants removal effects of powdered activated carbon-ultrafiltration（PAC-UF） treatment process was examined.Disinfection effect of chlorine and chloramines were compared on control of microbe regrowth and disinfection by-products formation.The safety of treated water of the PAC-UF treatment process was comprehensively evaluated.The results show that colloids and pathogenic microbes can be removed efficiently by the PAC-UF treatment process.Average removal rates of ammonium,CODMn（chemical oxygen demand）,UV254（ultraviolet in 254 nm） and DOC（disolved organic carbon） are 36.04%,44.28%,44.94% and 30.65% respectively.The bacteria and coliform index of the water samples appears significantly regrowth after 24 h without disinfection.Chloramine has better continuous disinfection effects than chlorine′s effects on inactivation of microbe and maintenance of residual chlorine.The THMs（trihalomethanes） and HAAs（haloacetic acids） produced by chloramine disinfection are lowered 63.42% and 44.13% than by chlorine disinfection respectively,and formation of brominated disinfection by-products is decreased effectively too.Safeties of treated water by PAC-UF treatment process can be enhanced by chloramines.