内蒙古半干旱区鼠类群落结构及鼠害危害类型的研究

STUDY ON RODENT COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND PEST HARM TYPE IN SEMI ARID REGION OF INNER MONGOLIA

自1988～1993年在内蒙古半干旱区约110000km2的面积上设置样地251个,用夹日法对鼠类群落进行调查,用每个样地主要鼠种捕获率和样地构成分类量钢,应用SAS系统的快速聚类法进行分类;分类结果结合该地区地带性植被分布的特征和地貌、地形特征,将该地区的鼠类群落划分为9个地带性鼠类群落并研究其结构特征,同时根据地带性鼠类群落分布与结构特征及当地实际鼠害状况将内蒙古半干旱区鼠害划分为5大害区的7种危害类型:Ⅰ荒漠草原鼠害危害区:①小毛足鼠、三趾跳鼠危害类型;②戈壁五趾跳鼠、赤颊黄鼠危害类型;Ⅱ草原化荒漠鼠害危害区:③戈壁五趾跳鼠、三趾跳鼠危害类型;Ⅲ沙地草场鼠害区:④小毛足鼠、三趾跳鼠、子午沙鼠危害类型;Ⅳ阴山北麓旱作农田危害区:⑤长爪沙鼠、小毛足鼠危害类型;⑥长爪沙鼠、草原黄鼠危害类型;Ⅴ阴山山脉中段次生林地和人工林地危害区:⑦棕背、大林姬鼠危害类型。

The rodent community was investigated used trap night on the about 110 000 km 2 area in semi arid region of Inner Mongolia,and 131 109 trap nights on 251 sites were carried out from 1988 to 1993. The raw data matrix were composed by main rodent kinds of sites and site numbers, fast cluster method of SAS system was used and the zone rodent community were divided into 9 types with characteristic of topography and vegetation in the region. In accordance with characteristics of distribution and structure of the zone rodent community, the semi arid region was divided into 7 rodent harmful types of 5 large harmful areas that is:Ⅰ. Desert steppe rodent harmful area,⑴ Phodopus roborovskii,Dipus sagitta harmful type,⑵ Allcataga bullata, Citellus erysthrogenys harmful type;Ⅱ.Steppe desert rodent harmful area,⑶ A bullat,D sagitta harmful type;Ⅲ.Sand rodent harmful area,⑷ Ph roborovskii,D sagitta,Meriones unguiculatus harmful type;Ⅳ.Dry farmland on the north parts of Yinshan mountains rodent harmful area,⑸ M unguiculatus,Ph roborovskii harmful type, ⑹ M unguiculatus,C Dauricus harmful type; Ⅴ. Secondary and artificial forest on the middle parts of Yinshan mountains rodent harmful area,⑺ Clethrionomys rufocanus, Apodemus speciosus harmful type.