老兵殖民地与罗马西部行省政治罗马化

On the Veteran Settlements and the Political Romanization of the Western Provinces

共和时期和帝国前期,罗马在意大利和西部行省进行了长期的殖民活动。建立老兵殖民地成为共和国后期一些军事将领解决退役老兵安置问题的一种手段,这一活动在奥古斯都时期达到顶点,并一直延续到哈德良时代。大量的老兵殖民地的建立,有利于西部行省政治统治的加强和社会秩序的稳定,同时也促进了西部行省政治的罗马化。

During the period of Roman Republic and early Empire,a large number of colonies were founded in Italy and many provinces.We can identify two major phases of this activity.The establishment of veteran settlements in the late republic was used by some military commanders as a key tool to settle their veterans.The colonization reached a climax in the time of Augustus and lasted till the time of Hadrian.The establishment of a large amount of veteran settlements was beneficial to the consolidation of political control and social stability,as well as the Romanization in the western provinces.