N,N,N-三甲基-2-羟基-3-硬脂酰氧基丙基氯化铵的合成与表征

Synthesis and characterization of N,N,N-trimethyl-2-hydroxy-3-stearoyloxy-propylammonium chloride

以环氧氯丙烷(ECH)和三甲胺(TMA)为原料,在40 kHz超声辅助下合成了季铵盐型活性醚化剂环氧氯丙基三甲基氯化铵(GTA);GTA在超声辅助下与硬脂酸反应,合成了阳离子单酯表面活性剂N,N,N-三甲基-2-羟基-3-硬脂酰氧基丙基氯化铵(CMESA)。通过元素分析,IR等手段对CMESA进行了表征,并考察了反应温度,n(GTA)∶n(硬脂酸),pH和反应时间等因素对产率的影响。结果表明,CMESA的合适合成条件为:超声频率50 kHz,n(GTA)∶n(硬脂酸)=3∶1,反应温度70℃,反应时间4 h,此条件下CMESA的产率为94.90%。

Quaternary salt type active etherification agent epoxychloropropyltrimethylammonium chloride （GTA） was synthesized by epichlorohydrin （ECH） and trimethylamine （TMA） under help of 40 kHz ultrasonic wave. A cationic monoester surfactant N, N, N - trimethyl -2 - hydroxy - 3 - stearoyloxy - propylammonium chloride （ CMESA ） was synthesized by reaction of GTA and stearic acid under help of ultrasonic wave. The product was characterized by elemental analysis, IR, et al. Effects of reaction temperature, mole ratio n （GTA） ： n （ stearic acid）, pH and reaction time on yield of product were studied. The results showed that the suitable conditions for synthesis of CMESA were ： ultrasound frequency 50 kHz, n （GTA） ： n（stearic acid） =3：1 ,reaction temperature 70 ℃ ,reaction time 4 h. Under these 6onditions,yield of CMESA achieves 94. 90%.