不同发光二极管(LED)光源补光对大棚秋番茄植株生长及果实产量和品质的影响

Effects of light emitting diode supplement on growth,fruit quality and yield of autumn tomato in greenhouse

采用发光二级管(LED)作为发光光源对中后期大棚秋番茄补光,研究3种不同光质(蓝、红、白)对秋番茄植株生长及果实产量和品质的影响,探讨设施内利用补光实现植株调控的新途径。结果表明,蓝光、红光处理与对照相比,相对株高、节间距、叶面积显著降低,茎粗增加,而白光作用不显著。各处理间叶绿素a含量无显著差异;蓝光与对照相比,显著降低了总叶绿素和叶绿素b含量,显著提高了叶绿素a/b值,红光、白光处理叶绿素总量、叶绿素b、叶绿素a/b值与对照处于同一水平。蓝光、红光处理与对照相比均显著增加了番茄果实可溶性糖含量,白光作用不显著。补光处理的番茄红素、维生素C含量、可滴定酸含量、糖酸比及产量与对照间无显著差异。以上结果说明,利用不同LED光源光质对大棚秋番茄补光,能有效控制植株生长,蓝光、红光可显著控制徒长,白光效果不如单色光;但补光在改善果实品质和产量方面效果不显著。

The effects of three kinds of light（blue,red and white） supplement from light emitting diode（LED） on growth,fruit quality and yield of autumn tomato in greenhouse were investigated.Blue or red light supplement decreased the plant height,knot spacing and leaf area of tomato,while increased stem diameter.White light had no significant effects.The chlorophyll content of tomato with blue light supplement was lowest among the treatments,and the chlorophyll b content was decreased significantly,chlorophyll a content was not different,and chlorophyll a/b was increased significantly under blue light.While these values had no significant differences under either red or white treatment compared with control.Red or blue light supplement increased the soluble sugar content significantly.Lycopene,vitamin C content,titratable acid content,sugar acid ratio and yield of tomato with light supplement showed no significant difference with those of control.In conclusion,light supplement from LED in greenhouse could control the plant growth,and blue or red light had more effect than white light on inhibiting excessive growth.While light supplement displayed no significant effects on improvement of fruit quality and yield.