脊尾白虾在不同盐度条件下的行为变化

Behavioral analysis of Exopalaemon carinicauda under different salinity conditions

【目的】了解不同盐度条件下脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)的行为变化,为优化其养殖环境提供参考。【方法】在实验室内设置0、10‰、20‰、30‰和40‰5个盐度梯度,分别观察脊尾白虾的运动、摄食、蜕皮及攻击防御等行为变化。【结果】过高或过低盐度条件下脊尾白虾的行为均会发生明显变化,低盐时运动行为变缓、食欲减弱、攻击防御行为减少;高盐条件下还能诱发脊尾白虾间的争斗。具体表现为:盐度0和40‰时,脊尾白虾的摄食行为和运动行为明显减弱,且短时间内死亡率较高;盐度为20‰和30‰时,其摄食、运动等行为正常。【结论】从行为生态学的角度考虑,脊尾白虾养殖过程中盐度以调整至20‰～30‰为宜。

[Objective]Behavior of Exopalaemon carinicauda were analyzed under different salinities to optimize culture environment.[Method]Five salinity levels（0,10,20,30 and 40‰） were used to study E.carinicauda behaviors,including motion,feeding,ecdysis,molting,attacking and defense,under high-density culture system.[Result]The motion behavior of E.carinicauda changed significantly under varying levels of salinities.The motion became slow,feeding behavior was weakened,and attacking behavior reduced under lower salinity conditions.In addition,the competitions amongst E.carinicauda were induced under higher salinities.The feeding and motion behaviors of E.carinicauda were weakened and the mortality rate increased in a short time under salinities of 40‰ and 0.In the salinity 30 and 20‰,all behavioral characteristics of E.carinicauda were found normal.[Conclusion]The salinities ranging from 20-30‰ were found appropriate for E.carinicauda from view of behavioral ecology.