影响美国医患关系的相关制度及其对我国的启示

On the Institutions Influencing Doctor-Patient Relationship in US and Its Enlightenment on Chinese Counterparts

介绍了美国应对紧张医患关系所采取的一些制度和措施,如立法规范医患双方的权利与义务,改革医疗费用支付方式与完善健康维持制度,实施医疗责任保险制度,规范医疗纠纷处理方式等;并提出了缓解我国医患关系的一些启示:完善医疗立法,明晰医患双方的权利与义务;推动医院伦理委员会的发展,维护医患双方的正当利益;建立完善医疗责任保险制度,分担医务人员的执业风险;建立合理的医疗费用支付方式,控制医疗费用不合理的增长。

The authors introduced the institutions and countermeasures adopted by US government in coping with its domestic tensions between doctors and patients,including legislations for clarifying the legal rights and obligations on both sides,reform in payment mode of medical expenditure and improvement of health maintaining system,implementation of medical liability insurance system,and regulation of mediating mode of medical disputes.The enlightenment of the US institutions for soothing Chinese doctor-patient tensions are also raised in this paper,such as completing medical legislation to define the legal rights and obligations on both sides,developing hospital ethics committee to protect the rightful interests on both sides,establishing the medical liability insurance system to share the practice risks of medical professionals,and setting reasonable payment mode of medical expenditure to control the irrational increase of medical expenditure.