我国乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果评价及加强免疫策略研究进展

Evaluate the Hepatitis B Vaccine Efficacy and Study the Strategy of Booster Immunization in China

乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB)在我国推广应用已超过20年。随访研究发现,血源性HepB免疫20年、重组HepB(中国仓鼠卵巢细胞)和重组HepB(酿酒酵母)免疫16年后,乙肝病毒表面抗原[Hepatitis B Virus(HBV)Surface Antigen,HBsAg]阳性率为0.5%～1.9%,免疫人群的乙肝相关疾病发病率显著下降。抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体(Antibody to HBsAg,Anti-HBs)水平随免疫年限增加而下降,但未见HBV感染率上升。我国HepB成人免疫效果良好,但目前尚不具备开展常规成人免疫的条件,建议提高对高危人群的免疫覆盖率。关于加强免疫的策略仍存在争议,不主张在一般人群中开展常规Anti-HBs监测,对Anti-HBs<10.0毫国际单位/毫升(mIU/ml)的高危人群开展加强免疫。

Hepatitis B vaccine （HepB）has been used in China for over 20 years. Researchers found that the prevalence of hepatitis B virus （HBV）surface antigen （HBsAg）of peoples are 0.5 %-1.9 % in 20 years after vaccination by blood-borne HepB, in 16 years after vaccination by recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid （DNA） techniques in saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and HepB made by recombinant DNA technique in chinese hamster ovary cell The prevalence of HBV relative disease of the vaccinated people dropped down dramatically. The level of antibody to HBsAg （Anti-HBs） decreased by the years after Vaccination, but it has not been found that the HBV infective rate increased. The efficacy of adult HepB vaccination is fine and stable. According the recent status, it has not been suggested to carry out adult HepB vaccination. Booster immunization carrying out or not is still at discussion. It is not suggested to survey Anti-HBs level in normal people. HepB booster doses would be use for those high risk population if their Anti-HBs level is less than 10mIU/ml.