晋中地区不同灌水处理对春玉米形态指标、耗水量及产量的影响

Effects of Different Irrigation Treatments on Morphological Indexes,Water Consumption and Yield of Spring Maize in the Middle Region of Shanxi Province

在晋中地区研究不同灌水处理对春玉米植株形态指标、耗水量和产量的影响。结果表明,水分胁迫抑制玉米生长发育,充分供水处理(T2)具有较高的株高、叶面积及叶面积指数(LAI);随灌水量减少,各个形态指标均呈下降趋势,0次灌水处理(T6)降至最低;2次灌水且灌水量最高处理(T4)耗水量最高,但产量却低于T2处理;T6处理产量明显降低,耗水量最小;春玉米全生育期耗水量与产量呈抛物线关系。通过产量、耗水量及水分生产效率(WUE)对比分析,认为生产上(2010年)适宜节水灌溉方案为拔节、抽雄期各灌水1次,灌水定额为900 m3/hm2。

Drought was the main influence factor which restricted high yield of spring maize.Using cultivating in test-pit and different artificial irrigation controlling,a systematic study was conducted to explore the response of different irrigation treatment on morphological indexes,water consumption and yield of spring maize during the growing period.The results indicated that water stress inhibited spring maize＇s growth and development.The full water supply treatment（T2） had a high height,leaf area and LAI;with the decrease of irrigation quota,all of the morphological indexes showed a downward trend,which reached the lowest in the treatment（T6） that without irrigation in growth stage.The quota of T4 which irrigated 2 times was the highest but its yield was lower than that of T2.T6 resulted in significant lower yield and water consumption amount.The relationship between water consumption and yield appears to be the parabolic curve.Finally,compared with yield,water consumption and WUE,it is considered that the rational water-saving irrigation scheme in 2010 year can be jointing watering and tasselling watering with the irrigation quota of 900 m3/hm2.The results would provide basis for determining reasonable irrigation,saving water and increasing yield of spring maize in Jinzhong areas.