早产儿贫血140例相关因素分析

Analysis of Relative Factors for Anemia in 140 Prematurity

目的探讨早产儿贫血的发生及其相关因素。方法对本院2009年1月-2010年12月收治的140例发生贫血的早产儿进行回顾性研究,分析早产儿贫血的好发时间及主要病因。并按发生贫血的时间,将早产儿分为早期贫血组和晚期贫血组,进行与贫血发生早晚有关的围生因素分析。结果发生贫血的早产儿中95%的贫血发生在出生2周内,早期及晚期贫血组中分别有67.0%及82.7%的早产儿的贫血是由感染、失血共同引起。早期贫血组早产儿出生时的基础Hb值较晚期贫血组低[(154.0±17.2)g.L-1vs(177.0±11.6)g.L-1],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而早期贫血组早产儿初始出现贫血时平均红细胞体积较晚期贫血组高[(107.0±5.5)fL vs(105.0±5.4)fL],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早产儿贫血大部分发生在出生2周内,通常为感染、失血多因素共同引起,且早产儿贫血发生的早晚与其出生时基础Hb密切相关。

Objective To investigate the development of anemia of prematurity and its related factors. Methods The medical data of 140 premature anemia infants admitted to Peking University People′s Hospital from Jan.2009 to Dec.2010 were reviewed retrospectively.The infants were classified into 2 groups：early anemia group and late anemia group.Then the occurrence time and factors associated with the anemia of prematurity were identified. Results Ninety-five percent of the anemia of prematurity took place in the first 2 weeks after birth.Its development was usually caused by many factors together,such as infection and blood loss.The hemoglobin level,which was tested at birth,in the early anemia group was significantly lower than that in late anemia group [（154.0±17.2） g·L-1 vs（177.0±11.6） g·L-1,P0.01].While the mean corpuscular volume in the early anemia group preterm infants,which was tested when they began developing anemia,was greater than that in late anemia group[（107.0±5.5） fL vs（105.0±5.4） fL,P0.05]. Conclusions Most of anemia of prematurity happened in the first 2 postnatal weeks and it was induced by a variety of factors together.In addition,the occurrence time of anemia of prematurity is related with basis hemoglobin.