变应性鼻炎儿童气质特征的临床研究

Clinical study on temperament characteristics of children with allergic rhinitis

目的探讨儿童变应性鼻炎与气质之间的关系，为在变应性鼻炎的综合防治中采用心理干预提供理论依据。方法采用一般情况调查表、中国儿童气质量表（CCTS）分别对102例变应性鼻炎儿童及正常儿童进行问卷调查。结果变应性鼻炎组儿童在气质维度中的节律性、持久性低于对照组，而在趋避性、反应强度、心境、适应性、注意分散等方面得分高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。变应性鼻炎组儿童与正常组儿童气质类型分布比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），变应性鼻炎组中麻烦型、中间偏烦型和发动缓慢型等气质类型的比例较高。结论儿童变应性鼻炎与其气质特征关系密切，治疗儿童变应性鼻炎时应考虑其个体气质特征，并给予适当的干预。

Objective To investigate the relationship between allergic rhinitis and temperament characteristics of children, and provide basis for psychological intervention in comprehensive prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis. Methods One hundred and two children with allergic rhinitis and 102 normal children＇s temperament were investigated by Chinese Children Temperament Scah（CCTS）. Resuits The scores of the rhythm-ability, persistence in the allergic rhinitis group were lower than those in the control group, while the scores of the approach, reaction, mood, adaptability, attention-disperse inthe allergic rhinitis group were higher than those in the normal group, the differences weresignificant （P 〈 0. 05）. There were significant differences in the distribution of temperament type between the allergic rhinitis group and the normal group （P 〈 0. 05 ）, the temperament types of difficult type, slow to warm up type and the intermediate-difficuh type in the allergic rhinitis group were more than those in the normal group. Conclusions Allergic rhinitis is related to temperament characteristic of children closely. Appropriate intervention should be given according to individual temperament characteristics in treatment of children with allergic rhinitis.