理想与现实的悖论:论辛亥革命前盛宣怀矿务思想及实践

Paradox of Ideal and Practice——Analysis of Sheng Xuanhuai's Thoughts and Practices on Mines before the Revolution of 1911

晚清时期,盛宣怀正视外力入侵后中国矿权面临的严酷现实,主张在应用西学的基础上同洋商争利,开发中国矿源。他采取一系列保障中国矿权的措施,抵制洋商对中国矿业的垄断、扼杀。在长期办矿生涯中,盛宣怀留下了许多重要的矿务思想,特别是先顾舆情、富寓于民的主张,使其思想跨出传统办矿之道的藩篱。毋庸讳言,盛宣怀的矿务理想与实践存在某种程度的背离,这种悖论,成为19世纪晚期中国新式工业艰难进程的一个缩影。

In the late Qing Dynasty, Sheng xuanhuai faced up to the harsh realities of the mineral rights after the external force invasion, and advocated competing with the foreign business in the application of western learning to develop the Chinese mineral resources. In the face of the imperialist occupation, Sheng adopted a series of measures to protect China＇s mineral rights, and prevented the mining industry from the monopoly and being stifled by the foreign suppliers. In the process of long - term mining practices, Sheng left many important ideas of Mines, especially the thoughts of ＂ First care of public opinion＂, ＂Rich resides in the people＂, which made his ideas step out of the hedge of the way in traditional mine - running. Undoubtedly, Sheng xuan -huaig ideals and practices of mining had some kind of deviation, which became a miniature of the difficult process of Chinese modem industry in the late 19th century.