成就目标:理论、应用及研究趋势

Achievement Goal:Theory,Application and Research Trend

成就目标理论是当前教育领域有关学生成就动机最为活跃的研究热点之一。20世纪中后期Weiner在整合动机理论和归因理论的基础上提出了成就目标理论。之后,Dweck等学者对成就目标的概念、分类及动机模式进行了大量研究。成就目标理论具有很好的发展前景,并在学校教育、体育运动和生涯发展等领域得到广泛的应用。未来研究应强调成就目标的动态性与多维性,注重成就目标的性别差异和社会期许效应,运用多元化方法以提高成就目标研究的外部效度,拓宽研究对象以增强成就目标的应用性研究,更加关注情绪情感与成就目标之间的关系。

Within the field of education, the theory of achievement goal is one of the most active fields involving students＇ achievement goal research presently. In the mid -late 20th century ,Weiner proposed the theory of achievement goal by combining the two theories of motivation and attribution. And later, Dweck and his colleagues made huge research about achievement goal＇s conception, classification and motivation models. The achievement goal theory has being widely applied in the fields of school education and sports, and owns a favorable prospect. During the further research, we should pay attention to the characters of dynamic and multi - dimension of achievement goal theory, concerning its gender differences and social desirability effect, improving its external validity in various ways, widening the research object for applied research, and paying more attention to the relationship between mood, emotions and application goals.