基于GIS和RS的红壤丘陵区土壤侵蚀敏感性评价研究

Study on Soil Erosion Sensitivity of Red Soil Covered Hilly Regions Based on GIS and RS Technology

基于GIS和高分辨率定量遥感技术,选取我国典型的生态脆弱区——南方红壤丘陵区为研究区域,利用通用水土流失方程,对佛山高明区土壤侵蚀敏感性进行定量评价。研究表明,该区年平均土壤侵蚀模数为6 757.34 t/(km2.年),属于强度侵蚀,土壤侵蚀敏感性呈现"南面、北面、中部丘陵台地以及西面边缘侵蚀敏感,东面平原不敏感"的特点。坡度大于7～15°的地方是产生强度侵蚀的源区,土壤侵蚀极度敏感区主要分布在山麓地带的农田和经济林区域,而坡度较高的区域以中度敏感与高度敏感为主。草地、灌木林、桉树林、裸地和其他未利用土地是该地区的高危侵蚀土地类型。

The typical frail ecosystem — the red soil covered hilly regions of Southern China was selected as the study area.The Universal Soil Loss Equation（USLE） was used to study the soil erosion sensitivity in Gaoming Region based on GIS and high-resolution remote sensing technology.The annual soil erosion in Gaoming reached 6 757.34 t/（km2·a）,belonging to the serious erosion regions.The soil erosion sensitivities of southern,northern,western and central hilly regions in Gaoming were extremely high,while the soil erosion sensitivities in eastern plains were lower.The hilly regions where the incline degree was larger than 7-15° were the major serious soil erosion sensitivity regions.High soil erosion sensitivity areas mainly distributed in the fields or economical forestry.However,large incline degree areas were mainly dominated by high soil erosion sensitivities and moderate soil erosion sensitivities.Grasslands,shrubs,Eucalyptus forest,bare grounds and other land types were the major high soil erosion land types.