城市儿童1998年和2008年早餐行为比较

Comparison of breakfast behaviors of children in four cities of China between 1998 and 2008

目的分析1998年和2008年广州、上海、济南、哈尔滨等城市8～14岁儿童早餐行为的变化,为国家有关部门制定干预策略提供理论依据。方法利用1998年和2008年在广州等城市开展的儿童饮食行为现况调查的数据进行分析。2次调查均采用三阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,共选取8～14岁市区儿童6 189名作为研究对象,使用问卷调查方法收集早餐行为的信息。结果与2008年相比,儿童每天吃早餐的比例由84.7%下降到79.0%,不吃早餐的比例由0.9%增加到2.6%。早餐食用种类中肉蛋类食用比例由1998年的60.4%下降到2008年的31.6%。早餐营养质量评价较充足的比例由1998年的51.2%下降到2008年的22.0%。结论目前城市儿童早餐行为的主要问题是早餐食用率低和早餐营养质量不充足,城市儿童的早餐行为现状亟需进一步改善。

Objective To describe the change in breakfast behaviors of children aged 8-14 years in Guangzhou,Shanghai,Jinan and Harbin,China from 1998 to 2008,and to provide basis for developing intervention strategy.Methods Data from two cross-sectional eating behavior surveys among the urban children conducted in 1998 and 2008 were used for analysis.A total of 6 189 subjects aged 8-14 years were selected.The questionnaires were used to collect the information of the breakfast behaviors.Results The proportion of eating breakfast everyday per week declined from 84.7% in 1998 to 79.0% in 2008.Moreover,the proportion of never eating breakfast increased from 0.9% to 2.6% after 10 years.Meat and eggs were the most reducing food type in breakfast which declined from 60.4% to 31.6%.The proportion of breakfast nutrition quality being evaluated as adequate declined from 51.2% in 1998 to 22.0% in 2008.Conclusion The major problems of breakfast behaviors among urban children in four cities are the low proportion of eating breakfast and not adequate nutrition quality.The status of breakfast behaviors among urban children should be improved immediately.