某农村地区儿童抑郁现状与留守状况的关系

Research on children's depression and the influence of left-behind status in rural area

目的了解农村地区儿童抑郁及留守状况对抑郁发生的影响,为进一步开展针对性干预措施提供依据。方法运用儿童抑郁量表(CDI)、家庭功能量表(APGAR)及自编问卷,对整群随机抽取的安徽省某县农村中小学生2 917名进行问卷调查。结果农村儿童抑郁症状检出率为10.4%,留守儿童抑郁症状检出率为12.1%,高于非留守儿童的8.0%(P<0.01)。儿童家庭功能总分与儿童抑郁量表(CDI)总分呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。多元Logistic回归分析显示,留守状态、年级低、寄宿、父亲文化低、家庭年收入低、学习成绩差的儿童更易发生抑郁症状;家庭功能好的留守儿童抑郁症状检出率较低。结论建立良好的家庭环境,改善农村地区儿童的留守状况,可能降低儿童抑郁症状的发生。

Objective To investigate the status of depressive symptom and its influential factors among left-behind children in rural area of Anhui province,so as to provide the basic information for the development of depression intervention program.Methods A total of 3 169 students were recruited as the subjects from rural area of a county in Anhui province with random cluster sampling method.Of them,2 917 questionnaires were valid.Data were collected with questionnaires including the Children＇s Depression Inventory（CDI）and the Family APGAR Index.Results The prevalence of depressive was 10.4% and that among left-behind children was 12.1%,which was significantly higher than that among other children.The scores of APGAR and CDI were significantly negatively correlated.Left-behind status,lower grade,boarding,lower educational level of the father,less family income and poorer academic performance of children were more likely to be depressive symptoms.Family function was a protective factor.Conclusion Establishing a good family environment and improving the left-behind status would be expected to reduce the incidence of depressive symptoms in children.