青少年应对方式与抑郁焦虑情绪的关联

Association of coping styles with depression and anxiety among adolescents

目的了解青少年应对方式与抑郁、焦虑情绪的关系和相互作用,为实施心理健康教育提供有效支持。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,选取绍兴市1所大学、2所高中、2所初中2 348名学生作为研究对象。采用特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)、Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)、Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行调查。结果学生抑郁、焦虑症状的检出率分别为42.0%,12.3%。男生抑郁检出率(44.7%)高于女生(39.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);女生焦虑的检出率(15.0%)高于男生(9.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。积极应对方式与抑郁、焦虑呈负相关,而消极应对方式与抑郁、焦虑呈正相关。结论绍兴市青少年抑郁、焦虑流行情况不容乐观,应对方式与负性情绪之间存在关联。

Objective To explore the association of coping style with depressive and anxious disorders among school students,and to provide effective support for their mental health education.Methods Cluster sampling method was used to select one university,two high schools and two middle schools in Shaoxing City.The sample of 2 348 students were chosen for the study.Coping patterns were assessed with Trait Coping Style Questionnaire（TCSQ）.Depression and anxiety were assessed with the Zung＇s Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS） and Zung＇s Self-rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）.Results The prevalence rate of depression and anxiety symptoms was 42.0% and 12.3%,respectively.The prevalence rate of depression in the male was significant higher than that of in the female（χ2=6.577,P0.05）.The prevalence rate of anxiety in the female（15.0%） was significant higher than that of in the male（9.4%;χ2=16.794,P0.01）.There was a negative association between positive coping styles and depression or anxiety.Negative coping styles were positively associated with depression and anxiety.Conclusion The status of depression and anxiety is serious among school students in Shaoxing city.There are statistic associations between coping styles and negative emotion.