合肥市2005-2010年学校突发公共卫生事件分析

Descriptive analysis of public health emergency events at school in Hefei during 2005-2010

目的了解合肥市学校突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特点及其影响因素,为有效处置学校突发公共卫生事件提供参考。方法利用网络直报系统中的突发公共卫生事件案例库,描述并分析合肥市2005-2010年学校突发公共卫生事件的流行特征。结果 2005-2010年共报告学校突发公共卫生事件73起,一般事件21起,未分级事件52起,分别为传染病和食物中毒类事件;传染病类事件为主,占86.30%。4-5月为发生高峰,占50%;小学和中学占80.82%;各地区事件分布不平衡,农村报告事件起数占43.83%,城市占56.17%。结论以传染病为主的突发公共卫生事件是学校卫生工作的突出问题。疫情报告是否及时、病例隔离措施是否落实及强化免疫措施的采取是影响疫情处理效果的关键。

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergency events at schools in Hefei.Methods Descriptive and analytic methods was used to analyze the distribution characteristics of Public Health Emergency Events at schools in Hefei according to the Internet-based surveillance reporting.Results From 2005 to 2009,67 emergency events were surveyed at schools,21 generally events（the infectious disease） and 52 unrated events（food poisoning event）,the infectious disease event accounted for 86.30% primarily,emergency events occurred in any months and the peak time was in April to May,80.82% events occurred in primary and secondary schools;and country areas occurred more frequently than city areas,country areas was 43.83% and city areas was 56.17%.Conclusion Outbreaks caused by infectious diseases are the important problem of school health in Hefei.Prompt report of outbreaks and implementation of quarantine measures are the key factors to the effectiveness of control.