海口市2008～2010年农村生活饮用水水质监测分析

Results of monitoring of rural drinking water quality in Hainan(2008-2010)

目的了解海南省海口市农村生活饮用水的水质情况,及时采取相应的干预措施,提高农村生活饮用水水质。方法对海口市龙华、秀英、琼山、美兰等4个区的农村地区生活饮用水的地下水取水点,进行纵向监测,于每年枯水期（3~4月份）、丰水期（7~8月份）采集出厂水、末梢水各采集一份进行检验和评价。结果 2008~2010年共采集农村饮用水水样266份,总合格率为44.36%。2008~2010年水样合格率分别为41.18%、43.28%、45.95%,差异无统计学意义。2008~2010年枯水期水样合格率分别为43.59%、46.43%、37.50%,丰水期水样的合格率为33.33%、43.28%和45.95%,枯水期、丰水期合格率差异无统计学意义;三年出厂水和末梢水的总合格率分别为46.91%和42.48%,差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.327,P〉0.05）;2010丰水期水样合格率高于枯水期,差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.027,P〈0.05）。三年总大肠菌群指标的出厂水合格率高于末梢水,差异有统计学意义（χ2=3.961,PP〈0.05）。结论海口市农村地区生活饮用水水质总体较好,目前微生物污染是海口市农村生活饮用水水质合格率偏低的主要原因,应注意加强饮用水的消毒管理。

Objective To investigate the quality of drinking water in rural areas of Haikou.Methods Underground water samples were collected from ffour district of Longhua,Xiuyiing,Qionghsn and Meilan in Haikou City for longitudinal monitoring.The tap water and tip water samples were also obtained in 2008~2010 during water-insuficient period（March and April） and water abundant period（July and August） for inspection and avaluation.Results Total lqulaification rate of 266 water samples tested 44.36%.The qualified rates were 41.18%,43.28% and 45.95% in 2008、2009 and 2010.The qualified rates were 43.59%,46.43% and 37.50% during water insuficient period and 33.33%、43.28%和45.95% in water aboundant period,without showing significant differences（P0.05） in the three years.The qualified rates of during treated water and peripheral water were 46.91% and 42.48%,withour showing significant differences（P0.05）.But the qualification rate of water samples in water abundant period in 2010 was highe than that of water samples in water insuficent period（P0.05）.The quualification rate of treated water in coliform group indicators was higher than that of the peripheral water,showing significant difference（P0.05）.Conclusion Microbiological pollution is the main influencing factor for drinking water quality in Hainan province and monitoring actvities be strengthened.