样例学习研究对我国语文教学的启示

Implications of the Research on Worked - Out Examples for the Instruction of Chinese Language Art

样例学习是学习者从样例中习得相关概念、原理的一种学习方式。样例学习研究对语文教学有诸多启示。样例学习过程的研究揭示了课文这类样例在语文技能习得初期有重要作用。样例类型的研究指出语文课文这类样例是双内容样例,包括示例领域和学习领域两大块,当以语文技能为学习目标时,要注意处理好这两个领域之间的关系。样例学习机制的研究发现学习者对样例的自我解释活动非常重要,这一规律已为优秀的语文学习者的经验和语文教育工作者的研究所证实,语文教学要基于这一规律。

Learning from worked - out examples is a learning mode by which learners acquire concepts and principles. Re- searches on worked examples have some implications for the instruction of Chinese Language Art. Worked examples have impor- tant roles in the initial learning of language skills. Researches on the types of worked examples suggest that examples in Chinese are double - content examples which including learning domains and exemplary domains. When the instructional objective is lan~ guage skills, teachers should pay attention to the relationship between these domains. It is found that learners＇ self - explaining activities are very important in learning from examples, and this principle is supported by learners＇ experience and instructional researches in Chinese Language Art, therefore, the teaching should based on this principle.