海上人命救助制度模式之反思

Reflections on the Mode of Life Salvage System at Sea

海上人命救助中,传统的义务救助模式旨在捍卫人道主义原则,但因为缺乏报酬作为激励机制反而可能导致现实中的非人道主义后果。将财产救助中的报酬救助模式简单植入人命救助中,虽然可提高救助方的积极性,但同样可能损害人道主义原则。对此,一方面,传统的义务救助模式不可舍弃;另一方面,报酬救助模式在引入时必须适当改造,使其与义务救助模式形成错落有致的互补,以提高海上人命救助的效率,维护海上共同体的共同利益。

In terms of life salvage at sea,traditional compulsory salvage mode aims to safeguard the principles of humanism.However,the lack of rewarding system may result in non-humanistic consequence.On the other hand,the simple transfer of property salvage mode into life salvage mode can increase the enthusiasm of the rescuer.Meanwhile,it will do harm to the principles of humanism.Therefore,traditional salvage mode shall not be deserted.In addition,the rewarding salvage mode shall be appropriately modified in complementary with traditional salvage mode to increase the efficiency of life salvage at sea and maintain the mutual benefits of the involved parties at sea.