甘肃方言里上古音的遗存

The Remains of Ancient Pronunciations in Gansu Dialects

对甘肃方言语音的历时研究有助于比较全面地认识其特点。目前的甘肃方言语音研究主要在共时方面,历时的研究也主要是跟中古音的比较。有些语音现象不论从共时或历时哪个方面考察都不易解释。这些不易解释的现象与甘肃方言语音的历史层次有关,具体表现为一些字音的声母、韵母或声韵母存古。汉语方言语音时间层次的研究,属于汉语语音史研究的一部分,比较可靠的研究方法是鲁国尧先生倡导的"新二重证据法"。

Diachronic studies of pronunciations in Gansu dialects can help us know their characteristics. Pronunciations in Gansu dialects are mainly studied from the synchronic perspective at present, and a few studies mainly involve the comparison and contrast between them and mid-ancient pronunciations. However, neither diachronic nor synchronic studies can he used to explain some phonetic phenomena easily. This paper believes that difficult explanation of these phenomena has something to do with the historical levels of Gansu dialects. Specific demonstrations include the remains of consonants or vowels or both. Diachronic studies of pronunciations in the Chinese dialects constitute an important part of the Chinese history of pronunciations, and a relatively reliable research approach is ＂the new method of dual evidence＂ proposed by Mr. Lu Guoyao.