早期汉梵语言接触与汉译佛经的出现——以“浮屠”、“桑门”、“伊蒲塞”诸词在中土文献和汉译佛经中的运用情况为例

A Study of Early Chinese Sanskrit Contact and Sino Sutra Appearance——Investigating Futu(浮屠)、Sangmen(桑门)、and Yipusai(伊蒲塞) In Chinese Literature and Sino Sutra

详细考察代表东汉早期佛教传入中国的佛教词语"浮屠"、"桑门"、"伊蒲塞"等在中土文献和汉译佛经中的运用情况,可以发现,这些旧有的佛教词语与后来东汉末期出现的汉译佛经词汇不是一个系统,后来的译者可能不了解这些词语,也没有采用这些词语,而是创造了"佛"、"沙门"、"优婆塞"等新的词语。这反映了佛教传入中国曾经经历了深浅不同的两个语言接触阶段,东汉末年汉译佛经才蔚然成风,并形成了系统的汉译佛经词汇和全新的汉译佛经语言。

The paper investigates Futu （浮屠）, Sangmen （桑门）, and Yipusai （伊蒲塞） in Chinese literature and Sino Sutra, which had been introduced into China in the early East Han Dynasty. These words are different from Fo （佛）, Shamen （沙门）, Youposai （优婆塞） which appeared in the late East Han Dynasty. They are not the same lexical system, which reflects two periods in Chinese translation history of Buddhist Scriptures. The second period is more important than the first period and it came into being with Sino Sutra Buddhism words lexical system and a sort of new Sino Sutra Buddhism language.