长顺县植烟土壤主要养分空间变异研究

Study on Spatial Variability of Main Nutrients in Changshun Tobacco Growing Soil

[目的]对合理布局长顺县特色优质烟叶生产提供参考。[方法]利用GPS定位,在贵州省长顺县采集172份植烟土壤样品,采用地统计学进行土壤主要养分空间变异分析。[结果]长顺县植烟土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的平均值分别为27.54、141.77、40.62和215.07 mg/kg,变异系数分别为24.53%、23.68%、64.11%和56.06%。有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾均表现出明显的空间趋势效应和中等的空间相关性。从空间分布来看,长顺县大部分植烟土壤有机质处于适宜水平,而碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量较为丰富;少部分植烟土壤有机质含量偏高或偏低,而碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量偏低。[结论]在土壤养分丰富的烟区应适当减少用肥量,而在养分偏低的烟区适当增加用肥量,以保证植烟土壤养分维持在烤烟生长的适宜水平。

[ Objective ] The research aimed to provide the reference for the reasonable layout of high quality tobacco production in Changshun County. [ Method] 172 soil samples were collected by Global Position System （GPS） in Changshun County, Guizhou Province. Main nutrients of soil samples were analyzed by Geostatistics Analyst. [ Result] The average value of organic matter （OM） and alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen （AHN）, available phophorous （AP） and available potassium （AK） in tobacco growing soil were 27.54, 141.77, 40.62 and 215.07 mg/kg respectively, and the coefficient of variation were 24.53%, 23.68%, 64.11% and 56.06%, respectively. OM, AHN, AP and AK showed significant trend and moderate spatial correlation. OM was suitable, and AHN, AP and AK were rich in the most of the statistical area. OM was rich or low, and AHN, APand AK were low in small range of statistical area. [ Conclusion] Fertilizer should be cut down properly in the area of rich soil nutrients, and be increased in the area of low soil nutrients, in order to balance soil nutrients for flue-cured tobacco zrowing.