农田滴灌系统滴头堵塞及防堵措施的研究进展

Advances in Research on the Clogging of Dripper of Farmland Drip Irrigation System and Prevention Measures

滴头是滴灌系统的关键部件,滴头的堵塞影响灌水均匀性和使用寿命,制约着滴灌技术的应用与发展,滴头的堵塞及防堵塞措施成为滴灌技术研究领域的热点。综述了近年来在滴灌堵塞问题上的研究成果,包括由水质因素、滴头流道结构因素、滴头加工制造因素和滴灌系统运行因素引起滴头堵塞问题,以及合理配置过滤设备、化学处理堵塞、设计抗堵滴头结构、合理设计滴头流道、加强滴灌系统运行管理等防堵措施。

The dripper is the main component of the drip irrigation system and its clogging can impact the uniformity of irrigation and life span, meanwhile, it can restrict the application and development of drip irrigation technology. The blockage and anti-clogging has turned into the hotspot in the research of drip irrigation technology. This article gives an overview of factors that induce the blockage from the factors such as water quality, dripper-channel structure, dripper production and manufacture and drip irrigation system operation, and the corresponding measures were presented to prevent and remove the obstruction, such as configuring filter plants reasonably, treating obstruction using chemical method, designing anti-clogging dripper structure, designing dripper-channel reasonably, enhancing the operation and management of drip irrigation system.