分子标记技术新进展——以几种新型标记为例

New Advances in the Development of Molecular Markers

DNA分子标记是基于DNA序列变异的遗传标记,自诞生至今已开发出几十种分子标记,各有优缺点,尽管容量差异显著,但都具有一个共同点,即必须使用分子杂交、聚合酶链式反应、电泳等检测手段,要么效率低,要么成本高。海量平行测序技术已广泛应用于基因组测序,同时也在逐步影响高通量、低成本新型分子标记的开发和应用。简要介绍了几种新型分子标记及其在遗传学研究上的应用。

Molecular markers are genetic makers based on diverse DNA sequence variations.Since their establishment,dozens of molecular marker systems have been developed and used.Although these marker systems hold different advantages and analyzing volumes,they share a common disadvantage that they must adopt the cost-intensive and time-consuming detection methods,such as molecular hybridization,polymerase chain reaction and electrophoresis.Massively parallel sequencing techniques have been widely used in genome sequencing,they are also influencing the development and application of high-throughput and low-cost new molecular marker systems.Here we briefly introduce a set of molecular markers newly developed in recent years and their application in genetic studies.