粪肥与化肥配施对紫色土养分及酶活性释放动态的影响

Effect of Combination Manure and Chemical Fertilizer on The Dynamical Changes of Purple Soil Nutrient and Soil Enzyme Activities

[目的]探讨粪肥与化肥配施对紫色土养分及酶活性释放动态的影响。[方法]采用模拟培养方法研究了粪肥与化肥配施对土壤活性有机质、铵态氮、硝态氮含量及酶活性释放动态的影响。[结果]土壤中活性有机质、铵态氮、硝态氮含量及土壤酶活性均呈动态变化,粪肥与化肥配施处理一般表现为倒"S"型,出现2个或多个峰值,且峰值出现较化肥处理略为滞后,峰尖较平缓,而化肥处理多为单峰,峰值最高。各处理活性有机质含量在培养10 d左右出现峰值,高低顺序为牛5肥5>猪5肥5>牛粪>猪粪>化肥Ⅰ>化肥Ⅱ;脲酶活性均在培养10 d左右出现高峰,高低顺序为猪粪>牛5肥5>牛粪>化肥Ⅰ>化肥Ⅱ>猪5肥5;蔗糖酶活性高低顺序为猪5肥5>猪粪>牛5肥5>牛粪>CK>化肥Ⅱ>化肥Ⅰ。[结论]为粪肥与化肥的合理配施提供了理论依据。

[Objective] The aim was to study on the effects of manure and fertilizer application on the content of nutrients in purplish soil as well as release dynamics of enzyme activities.[Method] The effects of manure and fertilizer application on the content of AOM,NH4＋-N and NO3——N in soil as well as release dynamics of enzyme activities is studied by means of simulation culturing.[Result] In the treatments of combined application of simulation culture experiment,the content of active organic matters,NH4＋-N,NO3——N and soil enzyme activities changed dynamically,which showed a shape of inverted ＂S＂ with two or more peaks.Compared with the treatment of fertilization,their peaks were relatively flat and occurred relatively late,while the treatment of fertilization had only one but the highest peak.The content of active organic matter came to top around 10 d in the order of cow5fertilizer5pig5fertilizer5cow manurepig manurefertilizerⅠfertilizerⅡ;the activity of urease came to top around 10d in all treatments and in the order of pig manurecow5fertilizer5cow manurefertilizerⅠfertilizerⅡpig5fertilizer5.The activity of saccharase is in the order of pig5fertilizer5pig manurecow5fertilizer5cow manureCKfertilizerⅡfertilizerⅠ.[Conclusion] The study could provide the theoretical basis for reasonable application of manure and fertilizer.