生命权的宪法价值及其赔偿的公平原则——以《侵权责任法》第17条“同命同价”条款为视角

The Constitutional Value of Life Right and the Principle on Its Fair Compensation——The Constitutional Review on the 17th Article of the Tort Liability Law

生命权的不可估价、不可代偿性决定了死亡赔偿金并非对死者生命权自身价值的赔偿,而意味着对公民生命权的尊重、对死者家属的抚恤及对侵权者的惩戒。生命权的平等性决定了死亡赔偿金的赔付应当"同命同价"。而《侵权责任法》第17条的规定虽是立法上的进步,但仍未充分体现公民生命权平等保护的宪法原则。由此折射出我国在生命权及其平等保护方面的立法缺失,需要建构公民生命权的平等保护的宪法规范体系。

The unappreciable and irreplaceable characteristics of life right determine that the compensation for death does not mean the life value of the deceased,but signifies the respect for the civil life right,the relief for the family of the deceased and the punishment for the infringer.The equality of life right determines that the compensation for death should be compensated by the principle of ＂equal life,equal value＂.Although the 17th article of the Tort Liability Law of the People＇s Republic of China has made some progress on this score,it does not satisfy the constitutional demand on the equal protection for the civil life right,which reflects our legislative defects on life right and its equal protection.Consequently,we should build up the constitutional norm system of equal protection of civil life right.