农村信用社制度异化:“囚犯的困境”——一个经济史的视角

On the Institutional Alienation of Rural Credit Cooperatives:"the Prisoner's Dilemma"

国民政府时期农村信用社制度曾发生异化现象,主要表现为:欲挽救"农村破产",农村经济却愈加衰落;欲使农民得利,农民却几乎是"被得利";欲使农民自愿参与合作,农民却是"被合作";欲遏制旧式高利贷,却产生了"集团高利贷"。国民政府时期农村信用社制度异化是由于其陷入"囚犯困境"的漩涡所致,这对于当前如何促进农村信用社的健康可持续发展提供了重要启示。

The institutional alienation of rural credit cooperatives means the phenomenon in contrast to the original goals appears because of various factors. The institutional alienation of rural credit cooperatives took place during national government period. Firstly, the goal was to save ＂rural bankruptcy＂, but the result was still rural economy decline. Secondly, the goal was to help farmers, but the result was that farmers got little benefit. Thirdly, the goal was to make the voluntary cooperation of farmers, but the result was completely opposite to the original goal. Fourthly, the goal was to curb the traditional usury, but the result was forming the new usury. The institutional alienation of rural credit cooperatives during national government period was due to ＂the Prisoner＇s Dilemma＂. The institutional alienation of rural credit cooperatives during national government period provides an important enlightenment for us to promote the sustainable development of rural credit cooperatives.