对未来民法典原则构建的思考

Some Thoughts on the Formulation of Future Civil Code Principle

民法典原则是实现民法典目标的指路碑,是民法典体系的经脉,是民法典条文设计的基础和逻辑起点。民事生活的多样性和复杂性决定了民法典原则结构既要考虑一般性和共同性,也要考虑特殊性。为此,民法典原则应有总则原则和分则原则之分。总则原则应体现民法典的基本精神和价值取向,并适用于整个民法典体系。分则原则是民法典一般原则在民法典不同领域的具体化,反映民法典不同领域的基本精神和要求。民法典总则原则与分则原则相结合,共同形成民法典的精神脉络,指导和引领民法的基本规则,保证民法典立法的体系性和实施统一性。

Civil code principles are the guideline toward the realization of the code and the meridians of the code system.They are the foundation and logic starting point for civil code articles.The complexity of civil life determines that the structure of the code principle needs to cover both generality and particularity.Therefore,there should be general principles and sud-principles.The general ones are to embody the basic spirit and value and apply to the whole civil code.Sub-principles are specifications of the general principles in various realms of the code,representing the basic spirit and demand in each realm.The combination of the general and sub-principles will form the spiritual veins for civil code to be systematic in constitution and maintain unity in implementation.