ICU主动脉夹层患者家属需求的调查

Investigation on families needs of patients with aortic dissection in ICU

目的探讨心血管ICU主动脉夹层（AD）患者家属的需求，为改进医院护理管理和提高护理质量提供理论依据。方法选取98名ICU主动脉夹层患者家属为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、危重患者家属需求量表（CCFNI）进行调查，比较不同情况的家属需求情况。结果在5个维度的需求中，总体需求为（3．13±0．92）分，AD患者家属最重要的需求是病情保证的需求（3．42±0．79）分，其次为接近患者的需求和获取信息的需求（3．23±0．86），（3．17±0．92）分，自身舒适的需求和获得支持的需求（2．95±1．00），（2．87±1．04）分为一般重要的需求；文化程度初中及以上、高中、大专、本科及以上家属对病情保证的需求不同，分别为（3．68±0．68），（3．29±1．21），（3．26±1．01），（3．68±0．49）分，差异有统计学意义（F=1．083，P〈0．05）；学生、务农、自由职业者、机关企事业单位、其他职业家属对病情保证的需求不同，分别为（3．14．±0．75），（3．71±0．50），（3．23±1．14），（3．70±0．74），（3．29±0．87）分，差异有统计学意义（F=1．028，P〈0．01）；不同年龄的家属对接近患者的需求不同，差异有统计学意义（F=1．807，P〈0．05）；不同年龄、不同文化程度的家属对获取信息的需求不同，差异均有统计学意义（F分别为0．646，1．098；P〈0．05）；不同文化程度的家属对自身舒适的需求不同，差异有统计学意义（F=0．931，P〈0．05）；不同家庭人均月收入的家属其总体需求及接近患者的需求和获得支持的需求不同，差异均有统计学意义（F分别为2．979，0．764，1．518；P〈0．05），其中家庭人均月收入1000～3000元的患者家属对获得支持的需求得分较高为（3．14±0．75）分。结论ICU护士应理解和重视AD患者家属的不同需求，对家属实行个体化护理，更好的提高心血管ICU的护理质量。

Objective To explore the family needs of patients with aortic dissection in ICU and provide basis for nursing management and improving the nursing quality. Methods The cross-sectional survey mainly using a self-administered Critical Care Family Needs Inventory （CCFNI） was conducted among 98 patients with aortic dissection in ICU in a CVD hospital in Beijing and the different family needing status were compared. Results Of five dimension needs, the total score was （3.13 ± 0.92） ; the most important need was the guarantee of ill steady, which was （3.42 ± 0.79） ; the second important was the need of closing to the patients and obtaining the information [ （3.23 ±0.85） and （3.17 ± 92）, respectively] ; the common needs were self-comfortable and obtaining the support [ （2.95 ± 1.00） and （2. 87 ± 1.04）, respectively ]. Different education background influence the need of ill steady guarantee [ （3.68 ± 0.68） for junior high school level; （3.29 ± 1.21 ） for senior middle school; （3.26 ± 1.01 ） for junior college ; and （3.68 ±0.49） for undergraduate and the above ], and the difference was statistically significant （F = 1. 083, P 〈 0. 05）. Different vocations, such as student, farm labor, freelance, work for the nation and the others, influence the needs [ （3.14 ± 0.75 ）, （ 3.71 ± 0.50）, （3.23 ± 1.14）, （3.70 ±0.74）, and （3.29 ± 87）, respectively], the difference was also statistically significant （ F = 1. 028, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Age influence the need of dosing to the patients （ F = 1.807, P 〈 0. 05） ; needs of access to information in families of different age, education background were different, the difference was statistically significant（F = 0. 646,1. 098, respectively; P 〈 0. 05 ） ; different education background influence the need of selfcomfortable （F =0. 931, P 〈0. 05）; monthly income per capita influence the total need, dosing to the patients need and obtaining the support need （F=2.979,0.764, 1.518,respectively;P 〈0.（D）, among them, 1 000 -3000 monthly income per capita gain the highest score in the need of obtaining the support, which was （3.14 ± 0. 75）. Conclusions ICU nurses should understand and pay attention to the different needs of the family member of AD patient, and implement targeted nursing and improve the nursing quality of cardiovascular ICU.