民国私立大学体系富有生机与活力的原因——民国时期政府民治思想的分析维度

The Reasons behind Private Universities' Vigor and Vitality in Republic of China:Analysis of the Thinking of Government by the People

民治思想,或称民权思想,以自由、平等、主权在民等观念为核心,是民主主义精神的具体体现。民国时期,在孙中山民权主义学说的影响下,北洋政府与南京国民政府拥有一定程度的民治政治思想、民治经济思想、民治文化思想与民治高等教育思想,而这些思想正是民国私立大学体系富有生机与活力的关键原因。在有着"强国家、弱社会"历史文化传统的民国时期,政府民治思想对私立大学的蓬勃发展有着积极的推动意义,值得后人深思。

Government by the people or civil rights,based on the core concepts of freedom,equality,and sovereignty in the people,is a concrete manifestation of the spirit of democracy.In Republic of China,under the influence of Sun Yat-sen＇s thinking of government by the people,both the Beijing Government and the Nanjing Government had certain thoughts of people self-governing in politics,economy,culture and education,which was the main reason behind private universities＇ full vigor and vitality.During the Republic of China period where there were historical and cultural traditions of ＂strong state,weak society＂ the benefit to the private universities from the thinking of government by the people is worth pondering for future generations.