川西亚高山森林凋落物分解初期土壤动物对红桦凋落叶质量损失的贡献

Contribution of soil fauna to the mass loss of Betula albosinensis leaf litter at early decomposition stage of subalpine forest litter in western Sichuan

2010年10月26日—2011年4月18日在川西亚高山地区季节性冻融期间,选择典型的红桦-岷江冷杉林,采用凋落物分解袋法调查了不同网孔(0.02、0.125、1和3mm)凋落物分解袋内的凋落物质量损失,分析微型、中型和大型土壤动物对红桦凋落叶分解的贡献.结果表明:在季节性冻融期间,0.02、0.125、1和3mm分解袋内的红桦凋落叶质量损失率分别为11.8%、13.2%、15.4%和19.5%,不同体径土壤动物对红桦凋落叶质量损失的贡献率为39.5%;不同孔径凋落物袋内土壤动物的类群和个体相对密度与凋落叶的质量损失率的变化趋势相对一致.在季节性冻融的初期、深冻期和融化期,不同土壤动物对红桦凋落叶质量损失的贡献率为大型土壤动物(22.7%)>中型土壤动物(11.9%)>微型土壤动物(7.9%).季节性冻融期间土壤动物活动是影响川西亚高山森林凋落物分解的重要因素之一.

In order to quantify the contribution of soil fauna to the decomposition of birch （Betula albosinensis） leaf litter in subalpine forests in western Sichuan of Southwest China during freeze-thaw season,a field experiment with different mesh sizes （0.02,0.125,1 and 3 mm） of litterbags was conducted in a representative birch-fir （Abies faxoniana） forest to investigate the mass loss rate of the birch leaf litter from 26 October,2010 to 18 April,2011,and the contributions of micro-,meso-and macro-fauna to the decomposition of the leaf litter.Over the freeze-thaw season,11.8%,13.2%,15.4% and 19.5% of the mass loss were detected in the litterbags with 0.02,0.125,1 and 3 mm mesh sizes,respectively.The total contribution of soil fauna to the litter decomposition accounted for 39.5% of the mass loss,and the taxa and individual relative density of the soil fauna in the litterbags had the similar variation trend with that of the mass loss rate.The contribution rate of soil fauna to the leaf litter mass loss showed the order of micro- meso- macro-fauna,with the highest contribution of micro-fauna （7.9%）,meso-fauna （11.9%）,and macro-fauna （22.7%） at the onset of freezing stage,deeply frozen stage,and thawing stage,respectively.The results demonstrated that soil fauna played an important role in the litter decomposition in subalpine forests of western Sichuan during freeze-thaw season.