黄淮海地区跨流域湿地生态系统保护网络体系优化

Optimization of conservation network system for inter-basin wetland ecosystem in Huang-Huai-Hai Region

运用系统保护规划方法,以集水区为保护规划单元,综合考虑三维(3D)连接性(横向、纵向、垂向)和跨流域调水工程,通过不可替代性分析和保护空缺识别,对黄淮海地区跨流域湿地生态系统保护网络体系优化进行研究,并通过与已有保护体系对比,评估了优化体系的效用.结果表明:依据不可替代性大小和连接性原则,湿地保护空缺可分为优先保护空缺和一般保护空缺;黄淮海地区湿地生态系统保护体系经过优化后,湿地保护状况整体上有较大改观,其中所有湿地类型受保护比重由初始的20%左右增长到46.8%,且各湿地类型保护状况都有不同程度的改善,优化体系中的受保护比重大多在40%以上.无论是从近期还是长远来看,湖泊湿地保护都应给予较多关注.生态系统服务价值和生物多样性相整合、保护和恢复相结合是未来湿地生态系统保护规划研究中应关注的方面.

By using systematic conservation planning （SCP） method,and taking catchment as planning unit,an optimization of conservation network system for the inter-basin wetland ecosystem in Huang-Huai-Hai Region was conducted,with a comprehensive consideration of 3-dimensional （lateral,longitudinal and vertical） connectivity and Inter-basin Water Transfer Project and by the methods of irreplaceability analysis and gap identification.The efficacy of the optimized conservation network system was evaluated,as compared with the existing conservation network system.According to the principles of irreplaceability and connectivity,the wetland conservation gaps could be divided into two types,i.e.,be conserved in priority and in general.After the optimization,the conservation status of the inter-basin wetland ecosystem in Huang-Huai-Hai Region had an overall improvement.The conserved percentage of the wetland types was from about 20% up to 46.8%,and,for each wetland type,its conserved level increased to some extent,almost above 40%.Both in the near future and in the long term,more attention should be paid to the conservation of lake wetland.In addition,the integration of ecosystem service function and biodiversity and the combination of protection with restoration would be the main task for the wetland ecosystem conservation planning in the future.