男权颠覆下的月神——《嫦娥奔月》神话中的女神信仰和两性对抗

The Luna deity under the subversion of male supremacy——The goddess belief and gender antagonism in the myth of The Goddess Chang's fly to the moon

《嫦娥奔月》神话的深层结构为死亡/再生=男人/女人二元对立矛盾,该结构揭示了神话表达的关键在于"死亡→再生"信仰,以及因此而产生的两性对抗。基于女性身体的"死亡→再生"信仰,连接起同类意象的月亮、蟾蜍、虎、桂树、兔子,他们共同构成了《嫦娥奔月》的神话系统。然探究文献中该神话的演变,发现伴随人类社会的发展,月神地位逐步下降,其神性渐趋萎缩,终至被彻底颠覆,湮没在男权话语之中。

The underlying structure of The Goddess Chang＇s fly to the moon is the contradiction of death/rebirth=male/female.The structure revealed the key of the myth expression which is the belief of death→rebirth,and the gender antagonism with the belief.The Mythological System of Goddess Chang＇s fly to the moon is constituted by the base of the death→rebirth belief about female＇s body and the heterogeneous images of moon,the fabled toad in the moon,tiger,cherry bay and rabbit.However,searching for the developing of the myth in the literature,we can find out the status and deity of Luna deity both has descended steadily.It is subverted by male supremacy thoroughly.