普通荞麦落粒性、尖果、红色茎秆的遗传规律研究

Inheritance of Shattering Habit,Acute Achene,and Red Stem of Common Buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum)

以普通荞麦3个花柱同长自交可育纯系为材料,通过人工去雄授粉杂交方法,将甜自21-1分别与Lorena-3和甜自100进行正反交,配制4个杂交组合,获得其杂种后代和F2代群体,探讨普通荞麦尖果、落粒性、红色茎秆的遗传规律。研究发现:尖果性状在甜自21-1与Lorena-3和甜自100进行正反交4个组合的F2群体中均表现3∶1的遗传分离模式,表明尖果性状(尖-钝)受单基因遗传控制;落粒性和主茎颜色(红-绿)在甜自21-1和Lorena-3正反交的2个组合的F2群体中均遵循9∶7的分离模式,表明落粒性、主茎颜色(红-绿)为2对显性互补基因的遗传模式。尖果性状基因、落粒性基因和红色茎秆基因之间均表现为彼此独立遗传。

The F2 populations of four common buckwheat（Fagopyrum esculentum Moench） cross combinations,positive and reciprocal crosses of self-fertile pure line Tianzi 21-1 with Lorena-3 and Tianzi100,were produced by means of artificial emasculation and pollination for studying the inheritance of shattering habit,acute achene,and red stem of common buckwheat.The results showed that achene shape（acute versus blunt） was controlled by a single gene in the F2 populations of four combinations,with a separation model of 3 ∶ 1,while shattering habit（shattering versus non-shattering） and stem colour（red versus green） were inherited by two pairs of dominant complementary genes in the F2 populations of two combinations,following a separation model of 9∶7.The three genes of shattering habit,acute achene,and red stem were all inherited independently.