不同绿豆品种的叶片解剖结构

Anatomical Structure of Leaf in Different Mung Bean Varieties

选取开花结荚期间光合性能及活性氧代谢存在明显差异的不同绿豆品种,以石蜡切片研究其主茎节位各功能叶片解剖结构特征,探讨其植株衰老过程中叶片解剖结构的动态变化。结果表明,绿豆植株开花后,随生育进程,主茎开花节位叶片自下向上逐渐衰老,叶肉细胞逐渐解体,栅栏组织排列趋向紊乱,叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度以及栅栏组织厚度与叶片厚度的比值均趋于减小;不同绿豆品种叶片解剖结构的动态变化存在着显著差异,高产品种叶片相对较厚,栅栏组织较发达,结构较紧密,生育后期叶肉细胞解体较慢。综合分析表明,绿豆叶片解剖结构的变化与其产量水平是密切相关的,功能叶片较厚、栅栏组织较发达的绿豆品种具有相对较高的产量潜力。

The morphological stracture is the basis of physiological function of plants,leaf is the main organ of photosynthesis that gives seed yield in mung bean [Vigna radiata（L.） Wilczek],so it is necessary to analyze anatomical structure of leaf in dif-ferent genotypes of mung bean.The objective of this experiment was mainly to study the anatomical structure in the leaves of mung bean genotypes with different photosynthetic capabilities and reactive oxygen metabolisms in the flowering and podding stage,and explore the anatomical structure changes of mung bean during the whole aging process.The results showed that after the plants flowered,their functional leaves aged gradually from bottom to top.In the aging process,leaf structures gradually se-nesced,mesophyll cells gradually disintegrated,palisade tissue arrangement tended to disorder,thickness of leaf and palisade tissue,ratio of palisade tissue thickness to leaf thickness tended to decrease.There were significant differences in dynamic changes of leaf structure of mung beans.Compared with low-yield varieties,the leaf structures of the high-yield varieties aged slower and thickness of leaf was thicker,palisade tissue more developed and the structure of organism was closer,and mesophyll cells disintegrated slowly at the late growth stage.The above results indicated that the change in anatomical structure of leaf was closely correlated with the yield,and the genotypes of mung bean with high yield potential had thicker functional leaves and more developed palisade tissue.