论王国维之“古雅”

Discussion on Wang Guo-wei's "Classic Elegance"

不同于中国传统古典文论的概念,王国维的"古雅"以西方美学范畴为基础。在《古雅之在美学上之位置》一文中,王国维区别了"第一形式"和"第二形式"。其"古雅"概念主要是指"第二形式",是对美的对象的表现形式,是双重形式,也就是"形式之美之形式之美",并在此基础上指出"古雅"和"优美"、"崇高"的互补性。对"古雅"的判断是经验的、后天的,个人和时代的不同也同样制约着对"古雅"的判定,而这种判定同时又需要一种"修养力"。

Differing from the concept of traditional classical literary theories, Wang Guo-weit ＂chassic elegance＂ is based on western aesthetics categories. In The Position of Classic Taste in Aesthetics, Wang Guo-wei makes a distinction between ＂the first form＂ and ＂the second form＂. The concept of ＂classic elegance＂ mainly refers to ＂the second form＂, which is the form of the object of beauty-- the double form, that is, ＂the beauty of form beyond the beauty of form＂, and on this basis, it points out the complementarity between ＂classic elegance＂ and ＂elegance＂ and ＂lofty＂. The judgment on ＂classic elegance＂ depends on human experiences, and it is restricted by individuals and times, at the same time, it is affected by ＂culture force＂.