民国苏南乡村社会权力研究

A Study on Southern Jiangsu Rural Social Power in the Republic of China

苏南地区包括的苏锡常等地区自明代以来就一直是我国工商业高度发达的地区,苏南乡村不同的生存环境塑造了苏南与华北不同的乡村生产和权力结构。民国时期是中国由近代向现代的过渡时期,这时期的苏南乡村也经历着这种转型。国家出于政权现代化、增加税收等目的,进一步加强对乡村的控制。国家权力对乡村的渗透,对原有的乡村权力结构产生了重要影响。国家政权下沉带来的政权力量,乡村中传统的士绅、宗族、宗教势力,还有适应乡村形势产生的时势权力等,构成了复杂的民国苏南乡村权力结构。

In modern times against the context of the country＇s modernization,The Republic of China Government builds borough,township,and village political power under county,in order to control rural political,economic,cultural and others.The traditional model of governance which the gentry as the mainstay of the local elite use through controlling of clan,religious,cultural,and others. Although the efforts can not change the power structure of traditional rural fundamentally,but the Country as a foreign power has more impact to rural than before,So it and other power constitute power structure in rural.The entire rural order is maintained in the power bargaining.