某煤矿接尘作业职工接尘工龄与高千伏X线胸片及肺功能损害情况

High kV radiography,impairment of lung function and the service length of coal workers exposed to dust

目的通过对平煤某煤矿部分接尘职工的职业健康检查,了解接尘作业职工的健康状况和接尘作业职工胸片及肺功能变化。方法登记受检对象的一般状况,包括姓名、性别、出生年月、婚姻状况、烟酒史、既往史、职业史。检查项目为血压、心电图、高仟伏胸片、肝功、血常规、尿常规、肺功能。胸片诊断按照国家尘肺诊断标准(GBZ 70-2009);肺功能异常标准为FVC<80%,FEV1.0%<70%;肝功异常指标为丙氨酸转移酶>40 U/L;尿常规异常为尿中有白细胞,尿蛋白阳性;高血压诊断根据WHO定义标准,收缩压≥140 mm Hg和(或)舒张压≥90 mm Hg。结果共检查9 310名接尘工人胸部X线异常1 282人(13.8%),肺功能异常405人(4.4%),其他项目异常者在0.7%～4.8%之间。结论①随着煤矿职工接尘工龄的增加,高千伏X线胸片显示肺部异常率增高。②随着接尘工龄增加肺部感染率增加。③随着接尘工龄增加肺功能损害率增高,呼吸功能慢性损害呈进行性加重。

[Objective]To understand the health status,chest radiography and pulmonary function changes of dust exposed workers through occupational health examination.[Methods]The general conditions of registration examination subjects included the name,gender,date of birth,marital status,alcohol history,past medical history,history of occupation.Inspection items included blood pressure,ECG,,high kV radiography,liver function,blood routine examination,urine routine examination,lung function.Radiography in diagnosis of pneumoconiosis was based on the national standard（GBZ70-2009）.Pulmonary function abnormalities accorded with FVC80%,FEV1.0%70%.Abnormal liver function indicator was alanine transaminase 40 u/L,abnormal urine was for leukocyte in urine,urinary protein positive.The hypertension diagnosis was based on WHO criteria systolic blood pressure≥140 mmHg and（or） diastolic blood pressure g≥90 mm Hg.[Results]A total of 9 310 workers with dust exposure were examined,1 282（13.8%） were detected chest radiographic abnormalities,405（4.4%） of lung function abnormalities,0.7%-4.8% of other abnormalities.[Conclusion]①Along with the extending of service length,the high kV chest radiography demonstrated pulmonary abnormality rate increases.② With the extending of service length,the lung infection rate increases.③With the extending of service length,lung function impairment rate increases and the chronic damage on respiratory function progresses.