天津市2008和2010年突发公共卫生事件信息监测及分析

Surveillance and analysis of information of public health emergencies in 2008 and 2010 in Tianjin

目的分析2008和2010两年天津市突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特点,探讨事件发生原因,为突发公共卫生事件的监测和预警提供技术支撑。方法采用回顾性调查和突发公共卫生事件网络信息管理系统,收集2008和2010两年发生在天津市的突发公共卫生事件相关资料并进行统计分析。结果 2008和2010两年间,通过突发公共卫生事件网络信息系统及相关信息监测到各类事件117起。其中Ⅲ级事件3起,占2.56%;Ⅳ级事件92起,占78.63%;未分级事件22起,占18.80%。其中传染病事件92起,占78.63%;食物中毒事件14起,占11.97%;环境因素事件5起,占4.27%,职业中毒1起,占0.85%,其他事件5起,占4.27%。发生场所以中小学校为主,占事件总数的44.44%;其次是幼儿园,占事件总数的21.37%。发生高峰主要是在第2季度,占整个事件的38.46%;其他3个季度发生起数基本相同,分别占19.66%、23.93%和17.95%。117起事件中发病3 884例,死亡13例。市区发生47起,滨海新区22起,乡镇19起,农村29起。结论天津市主要突发公共卫生事件是传染病和食物中毒,事件发生地主要是学校和幼托机构。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological features of public health emergencies in 2008 and 2010 in Tianjin,explore the causes of emergencies,and provide the technical support of monitoring and early-warning of public health emergencies.[Methods]Using the retrospective investigation and network information management system of public health emergencies,the data of public health emergencies occurred in 2008 and 2010 in Tianjin were collected and analyzed.[Results]A total of 117 public health emergencies were reported by network information management system of public health emergencies in 2008 and 2010,which included 3 events of grade Ⅲ（2.56%）,92 events of grade Ⅳ（78.63%） and 22 ungraded events（18.80%）.There were 92（78.63%） infectious disease events,14（11.97%） food poisoning events,5（4.27%） environmental factors events,1（0.85%） occupational poisoning event and 5（4.27%） other events.44.44% of events occurred in primary and middle schools,followed by kindergartens（21.37%）.The peak season was the second quarter,which accounted for 38.46% of total events,and number of events in rest three quarters accounted for 19.66%,23.93% and 17.95% respectively.There were 3 884 patients in 117 events,and 13 patients died.47 events were reported in urban area,22 in new coastal region,19 in villages and towns and 29 in rural area.[Conclusion]The public health emergencies in Tianjin are mainly infectious disease and food poisoning,and most of events occurred in schools and kindergartens.