东乡野生稻渐渗系基因组结构变化及多样性分析(英文)

Analysis on Genomic Structure Changes and Diversity of Introgression Lines in Dongxiang Wild Rice(Oryza rufipogon Griff.)

[目的]研究东乡野生稻渐渗系基因组结构变化及对其进行多样性分析。[方法]以东乡野生稻(O.rufipogon Griff.,供体)和栽培稻协青早B(O.sativa sp.indica Kato.,受体)构建的BC1F6渐渗群体为研究材料,利用筛选出的分布在12对染色体上的25对SSR引物对群体中的239个株系进行多态性分析。[结果]适25个微卫星位点都有东乡野生稻DNA片段不同程度的渗入,群体均大部分保留亲本协青早B或东乡野生稻的DNA序列。渐渗系基因组中平均受体纯合条带百分率为78.13%,最高达94.98%(引物为RM131),最低为60.25%(引物为RM171)。平均供体纯合条带百分率为13.37%,最高达32.64%(引物为RM171),最低为2.93%(RM1095)。群体中还存在一些杂合位点,平均杂合率为5.62%,最高达10.04%(引物为RM401)。此外,BC1F6渐渗群体中发现有双亲条带的丢失和一些双亲所没有的新条带出现,其中平均亲本条带丢失率为2.88%,最高达13.39%(引物为RM311),最低为0(引物为RM401),平均新带率为1%。高世代渐渗群体平均Nei’s基因多样性(He)和平均Shannon’s信息多样性指数(I)分别为0.276和0.457。[结论]通过远缘杂交渐渗系发生了广泛遗传与表观遗传变异,扩大了遗传变异基础,为水稻品种改良与种质创新奠定了重要基础。

[Objective] The aim of the study was to make research on genomic struc- ture variation and variety analysis of Dongxiang wild rice. [Method] Introgression groups of BC1F6 were based on donor of Oryza rufipogon Griff. and receptor of O. sativa sp. indica Kate. Strains of 239 in the group were analyzed on Polymor- phism with the help of 25 couples of SSR primers distributed in 12 pairs of chromo- somes. [Result] Gene fragments of O. rufipogon Griff. were found penetrated in the 25 microsatellite sites and most of the groups kept the parents of Xieqinzao B or DNA sequence of O. rufipogon Griff. The average rate of recurrent homozygous bands was 78.13% in the ILs, but the highest was 94.98% （amplified by primer RM131） and the lowest was 60.25% （RM171）. The average rate of donor homozy- gous bands was 13.37%, but the highest was 32.64% （RM171） and the lowest was 2.93% （RM1095）. There were numerous heterozygous sites in the population and the average heterozygosis rate was 5.62%, while the highest was 10.04%（RM401）. Moreover, we found some parental fragments were lost and some novel fragments were not detected in either parent in BC1F6 population. The average rate of lost bands was 2.88%, while the highest was 13.39% （RM311） and the lowest was 0 （RM401）. The average rate of new bands was 1%. The average of Nei＇s gene di- versity （He） and Shannon＇s Information index （I） were 0.276 and 0.457 respectively in high generation of introgression lines. [Conclusion] The study demonstrated that distant hybridization led to extensive genetic and epigenetic variations in high gener- ation of introgression lines, which expanded the base of genetic variation and laid an important foundation for rice improvement and germplasm innovation.