中国主要淡水湖泊沉积物中重金属生态风险研究

Ecological Risk Assessment of Sediment Heavy Metals in Main Lakes of China

根据我国主要湖泊表层沉积物中重金属Cr、Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Zn、Cu的污染情况,对沉积物中的重金属分别采用潜在生态风险指数法与地积累指数法进行评价。结果表明:两种方法评价结果基本一致。滇池、红枫湖重金属污染最严重,鄱阳湖、洞庭湖与洪泽湖次之。严重的生态风险不存在,但是Cd在鄱阳湖、滇池和太湖中具有一定的潜在威胁;太湖、巢湖、南四湖重金属潜在生态风险较低。

Hakanson ecological risk index method and evaluating method of geoaccumulation for heavy metal were used for assessing the risk of heavy metal based on concentration of heavy metals including Cr,Cd,Hg,As,Pb,Zn and Cu in the sediments from different freshwater lakes in China.Results showed that the two methods were very similar.The worst heavy metal pollution was in Dianchi Lake and Hongfeng Lake,followed by Poyang Lake,Dongting Lake and Hongze Lake.Serious risk threat of heavy metal did not exist for all investigated lakes,but in Poyang Lake,Dianchi Lake and Taihu Lake,there might be some potential threats about Cd.The potential ecological risk of heavy metals which was about Taihu Lake,Chaohu Lake and Nansi Lake was low.